Using Artec 3D scanning technology to keep naval ships in perfect condition
The combination of 3D scanning and reverse engineering makes it possible to quickly repair or replace critically important parts of vessels of the Dutch Royal Navy.
Marinebedrijf Koninklijke Marine is a Dutch company responsible for the maintenance of all naval vessels and submarines of the Dutch Royal Navy, as well as M-class frigates of the Belgian Navy. The company also creates new parts for those ships and makes modifications of everything from the hull to weapon systems and engines.
Marinebedrijf Koninklijke Marine uses Artec Eva and Spider 3D scanners, which they bought from Artec’s Dutch Gold Partner in the Benelux 4C Creative CAD CAM Consultants.
“The use of the 3D scan technique is becoming more and more important because all ships of the Navy are coming to us for maintenance on a regular basis,” says Ben Jansen, CNC coordinator at Marinebedrijf Koninklijke Marine. “A lot of times we don’t have drawings or 3D CAD files of the things that need to be repaired or where we need to make new parts for existing systems.”
When they have no 3D data or drawings of the part, Marinebedrijf Koninklijke Marine takes Artec 3D scanners to create a 3D image of the object, and the scan is used to reverse engineer the object. The part is then replicated using 3D printing techniques, 3-5 axis milling or 3D welding.
“We are now able to work a lot faster and more accurate,” says Ben Jansen. “Because we now have a complete 3D model, we have all the correct dimensions of every object. It results in a far more efficient way of working and it is faster, so we save a lot of money in these projects.”
The team no longer needs to take measurements with rulers and other tools. That approach was time-consuming and did not always yield accurate results. “Also it was common that you forgot to take certain measurements and had to go back to the ship again. This is now all over,” says Ben Jansen.
Marinebedrijf Koninklijke Marine uses the scanners for a wide range of vessels, for instance, the “Green Drake,” which is a boat of the former Queen of Holland. There are hardly any drawings of this boat, and the team can now scan what they have and then make changes to the 3D digital model, such as repair cracks or missing parts, and machine new parts to reinstate the boat in perfect condition.
“By using the 3D scanning techniques, we can work faster and more efficient, and of course we are now able to make parts that we could not make in the past or only through a very long lasting and tedious process,” says Ben Jansen.
Another example is the project where they needed to repair an impeller of an LCVP (Landing Craft Vehicle Personnel). This boat sails half onto the shore when dropping off marines, and when it needs to go back, the LCVP moves backward and the impeller sucks in sand and rocks beside the water. These rocks hit against the impeller resulting in small pieces breaking off.
The team scanned the impeller and by using the resulting STL file they programmed their robotic welding system to perform accurate welding only those spots where material needed to be added.
3D scanning is also useful for reverse engineering seats on FRISC-type high-speed boats, which can make up to 80 km/h and is used for intercepting purposes.
Because of the high impact on the waves, the seats can crack and need repairing. In a recent project, Marinebedrijf Koninklijke Marine scanned one of the seats with Eva 3D imager and used the 3D information to create a reverse engineered mold, from which seats are repaired.
“After collecting data, we are using all the tools available in Artec Studio to get a perfect model,” says Ben Jansen. “If we need to do modifications where Artec Studio does not have the necessary tools, such as adding material to the 3D model, we export the file to other software, where we can make the required changes.”
After post-processing, the model is usually exported to Spaceclaim, a CAD package for reverse engineering. And then a 3D file for 3D printing, milling or 3D welding is created. If necessary, 2D and 3D drawings are made for tool shops within the Royal Navy.
“In all of this the role of 3D scanning is growing rapidly,” says Ben Jansen. “We noticed that when you have a perfect tool like this, also other people suddenly see the impact and how easy it is to make a matching scan of an object. Then they want to use the scanner as well.”